Mongkhon P, Fanning L, Lau WCY, et al. - Researchers sought to determine the risk of dementia/cognitive impairment (CI) among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with and without oral anticoagulation (OAC) treatment via performing a retrospective cohort study using United Kingdom primary care data (2000–2017). They assessed 84,521 patients with AF; these comprised 35,245 patients receiving OAC treatment and 49,276 patients receiving no OAC treatment; of these patients, 29,282 were receiving antiplatelets. Dementia/CI developed in 5,295 patients over a mean follow-up of 5.9 years. The analysis revealed an association of receiving OAC with a lower risk of dementia/CI vs non-OAC and antiplatelet treatment among AF patients. Insufficient evidence for direct oral anticoagulants on cognitive function was gained.