Meszaros M, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, et al. - GIven the association of obstructive sleep apnea with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia, researchers here examined the heritability of the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and its comorbidities using a twin study. From the Hungarian Twin Registry, they recruited 47 monozygotic and 22 dizygotic adult twin pairs who attended an overnight diagnostic sleep study. The analysis revealed a significant association between indices of obstructive sleep apnea severity, like the apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index and percentage of sleep time spent with oxygen saturation below 90%, as well as blood pressure, serum triglyceride, lipoprotein (a) and glucose levels. As per the bivariate analysis, a common genetic background was evident for the associations between serum triglyceride and the oxygen desaturation index, as well as percentage of sleep time spent with oxygen saturation below 90%. Outcomes of this twin study thereby infer the presence of genetic background for the co-occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea with hypertriglyceridaemia and that there are heritable factors that play an essential role in the pathogenesis of dyslipidaemia in obstructive sleep apnea.