Takewaki D, et al. - Researchers examined cases with signs, symptoms, and a clinical course mimicking MS, but without conventional MRI abnormalities. MRI analysis revealed extensive brain white matter damage, which could explain the neurologic disabilities in these patients, whereas an autoimmune-mediated pathogenesis was indicated by the effectiveness of plasmapheresis (PP) and B-cell abnormalities. Researchers proposed that this condition be referred to as, “Normal-appearing Imaging-associated, Neuroimmunologically Justified, Autoimmune encephalomyelitis” in the differential diagnosis of MS.