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Nodal staging in the rectal cancer follow-up MRI after chemoradiotherapy: Use of morphology, size, and diffusion criteria

Clinical Radiology Sep 13, 2019

Fornell-Perez R, et al. - Changes in post-neoadjuvant follow-up MRI staging accuracy for malignant adenopathies in rectal cancer were investigated via comparing size criteria with morphological criteria using high-resolution T2-weighted sequences, as well as variations when adding diffusion-weighted imaging. Researchers performed a cross-sectional study of a database including 46 1.5-T MRI examinations (2011–2016) from patients with biopsy-proven rectal cancer and chemoradiotherapy treatment before surgery. Three radiologists, who were blinded to any clinical information, individually reviewed all cases. The analysis revealed better accuracy, sensitivity and negative predictive values, and lower understaging in correlation with morphological criteria. Greater specificity/positive predictive values and lower overstaging were identified with size criterion. Clear additional advantages were not achieved with adding diffusion-weighted imaging. These findings support the mixed size–morphology criteria to have the greatest diagnostic value for follow-up N-staging.
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