Steffensen LB, et al. - Given a distinct elevation in the level of proteins comprising the arterial basement membrane in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients not treated with metformin has been previously identified by researchers using non-atherosclerotic internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) obtained from coronary artery bypass grafting, they performed the present study to test the hypothesis that the arterial protein signature of diabetic patients is associated with dysregulation at the microRNA (miRNA) level. They also intended to lay the foundation for novel hypotheses addressing the increased CVD risk of T2DM patients. They screened T2DM patients for differential expression of arterial miRNAs. Findings demonstrated that in either of the two study groups, there was no impact of T2DM status on any of the miRNAs, suggesting that alternatives to microRNA dysregulation underlie T2DM-associated protein changes in non-atherosclerotic arteries.