Lu S, Wang J, Cheng Y, et al. - Given that a significant overall survival (OS) benefit with better tolerability was seen with nivolumab vs docetaxel in a mostly Chinese patient population with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the phase 3 CheckMate 078 study, researchers now describe 2-year data on effectiveness and safety. Randomization (2:1) of patients with advanced/metastatic NSCLC and disease progression following platinum-doublet chemotherapy was done to nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks; n = 338) or docetaxel (75 mg/m² every 3 weeks; n = 166) until progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other protocol-defined causes. Nivolumab vs docetaxel conferred a median OS of 11.9 months vs 9.5 months, respectively; 2-year OS rates were estimated to be 28% vs 18% respectively. Experts noted that, at 2 years, a favorable safety profile of nivolumab was still evident as was superior OS compared with docetaxel in this predominantly Chinese patient population with previously treated NSCLC. These observations were noted to be consistent with long-term results from the global CheckMate 017/057 studies.