Josefson JL, Scholtens DM, Kuang A, et al. - Through analyzing data on mother/offspring pairs (N = 4,832) from the epidemiological Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study and HAPO Follow-up Study (HAPO FUS), researchers sought to examine correlations of newborn body composition and cord C-peptide with childhood anthropometrics and explore whether these newborn measures mediate associations of maternal midpregnancy glucose and BMI with childhood adiposity. They used linear regression to study associations between newborn and childhood anthropometrics. Structural equation models showed significant mediation by newborn sum of skinfolds and cord C-peptide of maternal BMI effects on childhood BMI, fat mass, percentage of body fat, and sum of skinfolds, and significant mediation by newborn sum of skinfolds and cord C-peptide of maternal glucose effects on child fat mass, percentage of body fat, and sum of skinfolds. Newborn adiposity is independently correlated with childhood adiposity and mediates, in part, maternal glucose and BMI associations with childhood adiposity, along with fetal hyperinsulinemia.