McCann ME, et al. - In this international, assessor-masked, equivalence, randomised, controlled trial, researchers ascertained if general anaesthesia in early infancy affects neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study was carried out in 28 hospitals in Australia, Italy, the USA, the UK, Canada, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. Infants of less than 60 weeks' postmenstrual age who were born at more than 26 weeks' gestation and were undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy, without previous exposure to general anaesthesia or risk factors for neurological injury were recruited. In early infancy, slightly less than 1 h of general anaesthesia does not alter neurodevelopmental outcome at age 5 years vs awake-regional anaesthesia in a predominantly male study population.