Frye SS, et al. - This population-based study aimed to investigate whether sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and obesity were correlated with neurocognitive and behavior problems in adolescents. In adolescents, central obesity, an etiopathogenic mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), was more strongly associated with neurocognitive and behavioral problems than SDB alone. Deficits in low-order (vigilance) and high-order (executive) functions and behavioral problems seen in adolescents with OSA were primarily correlated with increased central adiposity, a finding not entirely captured with less precise measures of obesity. These data supported that OSA and its associated neurocognitive and behavioral morbidity were correlated with underlying metabolic dysfunction as early as adolescence.