Hassinger AB, et al. - This work was performed to delineate the use of negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) in a heterogeneous critically ill, pediatric population. For pediatric acute respiratory failure from all causes, NPV was a noninvasive respiratory support with few complications and a 70% response rate. Children receiving NPV frequently needed intravenous sedation for comfort, and one third received delayed enteral nutrition. Those who needed escalation from NPV worsened within 6 h; a bedside scoring system could predict this.