Dai JC, et al. - Adult stone patients from 2007-2013 were recognized using ICD-9, ICD-10, and CPT codes by the researchers in order to illustrate trends in CT use and predict the radiation exposure among stone formers using a national insurance claims database. A total of 112,140 and 215,376 underwent surgery and were managed non-operatively, respectively. There were 175,228 and 502,744 inactive stone patients and controls, respectively. Active stone patients got nearly tenfold as many CTs as controls at 3 years, and more acute imaging, on an average. In 3 years, ≥ 3 CTs were received by 25% and 15% of operative and non-operative patients, respectively. This was related to the female gender. This was also correlated with age, residence in the North-Central or South regions, and inversely related to metropolitan residence, for non-operative patients. Over 10% of active stone patients were predicted to get > 20 mSv in the first year alone. Therefore, CT use and non-surgical radiation exposure for active stone patients was important. In the first year, over 10% were estimated to pass occupational limits. Moreover, for stone patients, judicious CT imaging and low dose protocols were significant.