Brosseron F, Kolbe CC, Santarelli F, et al. - Since multiple immunity biomarkers were suggested as tracers of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration, researchers verified findings in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) patients from the network of the European, Innovative Medicines Initiative–funded project AETIONOMY. In total, 227 samples from the studies/centres AETIONOMY, ICEBERG, and IDIBAPS were used to analyze 21 selected immunity biomarkers in CSF. Outcomes were compared with data of an independent cohort of 399 individuals previously published. According to results, immunity markers were predominantly and reproducibly linked to pathological levels of tau isoforms, but also with amyloid levels, aging, gender, APOE genotype, and center-specific factors. CSF levels of immunity biomarkers represent molecular and cellular pathology rather than neurodegenerative disorders being diagnosed. Assay standardization and stratification for age and other covariates may enhance the power of such markers in clinical applications or intervention studies in neurodegeneration targeting immune responses.