Davies G, Thia LP, Stocks J, et al. - Given that the broad introduction of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis is accompanied by considerable stress on the necessity to develop objective markers of lung health that can be applied during infancy, researchers investigated whether in a newborn screened (NBS) UK cohort, proof of airway inflammation and infection at one year would be related to adverse structural as well as functional results at the same age. Lung function testing, chest CT scan, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage at 1 year of age were performed among infants when clinically well. Routine cough swabs were used to obtain microbiology cultures. Findings were opposite to experts' hypothesis and earlier published reports, and demonstrated that lung and airway damage was much milder and links between inflammation, abnormal physiology and structural changes were at best weak at one year of age in this UK NBS cohort.