Just C, Knief J, Lazar-Karsten P, et al. - Since there is a scarcity of data concerning chemoresistance in carcinomas of the esophagogastric junction and many studies have focused on cell lines rather than tissue specimen, researchers intended to further explore this entity and therefore they compared microRNA (miRNA) profiles in chemoresistant and chemosensitive cancer tissue in this retrospective analysis of 33 patients taking neoadjuvant chemotherapy. They found that chemoresistance was predicted by a panel of 3 miRNAs (hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miRNA-221-3p, hsa-miRNA-31-5p). The contribution of a single miRNA (hsa-miRNA-191-5p) to chemosensitivity was also acknowledged. Additionally, high expression of hsa-miRNA-194-5p correlated significantly with prolonged survival. A possible role of these miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers was suggested. These might allow an improved prediction of the influence of one or more reliably select patients benefitting from (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy.