Nam RK, et al. - Via a cohort of 585 patients treated with radical prostatectomy, researchers investigated the mechanism of action of miR-139-5p, one of the downregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) recognized in a panel of five microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with biochemical recurrence and metastasis following prostatectomy. In prostate cancer, low miR-139 expression was markedly affiliated with many prognostic factors, including Gleason score, pathologic stage, margin positivity, and lymph node status. Among patients with high miR-139 expression, the cumulative incidence of biochemical recurrence and metastasis were significantly decreased. In comparison with control cells, a significant decrease in cell proliferation and migration was observed with the overexpression of miR-139 in prostate cancer cells with cells arrested in G2 of the cell cycle. IGF1R and AXL protein expression were repressed by miR-139 treatment, and it was reversed via the addition of miR-139 antagomir. In patients with localized prostate cancer, miR-139 was correlated with better prognosis, which could be mediated through the downregulation of IGF1R and/or AXL and associated signaling pathway components.