Billeter AT, et al. - The effect of metabolic surgery on pre-existing and future microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison with medical treatment was examined. Furthermore, researchers investigated the effect of metabolic surgery on the incidence or severity of microvascular complications. Compared with medical treatment, metabolic surgery was superior in preventing the development of microvascular complications and improving pre-existing diabetic nephropathy.