Schnell J, et al. - Researchers focused on the German S3 Guideline on spontaneous pneumothorax and post-interventional pneumothorax, which has been developed by the German Society for Thoracic Surgery, in co-operation with the German Society for Pulmonology, the German Radiological Society, and the German Society of Internal Medicine, and moderated by the German Association of Scientific Medical Societies. With regard to the indication for CT scan as well as the indication for chest drainage application and video-assisted thoracic surgery, the algorithms for primary and secondary pneumothorax were noted to be different. A similarity was observed in the therapy of post-interventional spontaneous pneumothorax and primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Overall, these data suggest the utility of the S3 Guideline recommendations for managing spontaneous pneumothorax and post-interventional pneumothorax.