Maskarinec G, et al. - Given that mammographic density (MD) is a known risk factor for breast cancer, researchers studied the expression of inflammation and growth markers, with MD in normal and malignant breast tissue specimens from 279 women of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). Mammograms for density evaluation were obtained from breast cancer cases, recruited from a nested case-control study within the MEC. Using immunohistochemistry, the investigators evaluated protein expression (cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, TGF-β, IGF-1R, IGFBP-2, and vimentin). The study results did not adequately support immunohistochemical markers representing inflammatory and growth factor pathways as predictors of breast density.