Zheng Y, Corrêa-Silva S, de Souza EC, et al. - In view of studies demonstrating changes in immune components of human milk during an infection in the nursing infant, researchers investigated macrophages, which are classified as inflammatory (CD16−) and noninflammatory (CD16+) subsets, homing into breast milk in response to ongoing infections in nursing infants. They assessed peripheral blood and mature milk from 33 healthy mothers of nursing infants with respiratory infections (Group I) and from 26 healthy mothers of healthy nursing infants (Group H). The analysis revealed human milk macrophages as more anti-inflammatory compared with blood monocytes. They identified an increase in the anti-inflammatory macrophage profile in milk in correlation with nursing infant infection. An increase in IL-8, IL-6, CCL2, and CX3CL1 in the mothers' milk was observed in correlation with nursing infant infection. Outcomes thereby suggest the adaptation of the mother's milk to her child's infections.