Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, et al. - In this population-based cohort study involving 5,197 very preterm infants, researchers identified survival, short-term neonatal morbidity and predictors for death or adverse outcome of very preterm infants in Austria. Gestational age-related mortality and major short-term morbidities were the main outcome measures. Data reported that the overall prevalence of chronic lung disease, necrotising enterocolitis requiring surgery, intraventricular haemorrhage Grades 3–4, and retinopathy of prematurity Grades 3–5 was 10.0%, 2.1%, 5.5%, and 3.6%, respectively. Significant risk predictors for death or adverse short-term outcome were low gestational age, low birth weight, missing or incomplete course of antenatal steroids, male sex, and multiple births. Overall, the investigators found that overall survival rates were high and short-term morbidity rate was low in this national cohort study.