Nagakura KI, et al. - Whether low-dose oral immunotherapy (OIT) is efficacious for anaphylactic peanut allergy, was investigated. In children (median age, 9.6 years) hospitalized for 5 days for anaphylaxis to peanuts, increasing amount of peanut powder was gradually fed up to 133 mg/day. One year later, an oral food challenge was performed in these subjects after 2 weeks of peanut avoidance. At baseline, a history of anaphylaxis was reported by all children in the OIT group and 8 in the control group. One year later, sustained unresponsiveness was observed in 33.3% children in the OIT group, while none was reported in the control group. Overall, immunological changes were induced by low-dose OIT. Furthermore, it showed the capability of achieving sustained unresponsiveness in children with peanut anaphylaxis.