Devanand DP, Crocco E, Forester BP, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for assessing the effectiveness and side effects of low-dose lithium to treat agitation in Alzheimer disease (AD). AD patients and agitation/aggression score ≥ 4 on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were randomized, double-blind, to lithium carbonate 150-600 mg daily or placebo for 12 weeks in a four-site trial. The trial was completed by 58 of 77 patients (75.3%). Although low-dose lithium was ineffective in treating agitation, it was associated with global clinical improvement and excellent safety. A larger trial of likely lithium-responsive behavioral symptoms that overlap with mania may be warranted.