Longitudinal subtypes of disordered gambling in young adults identified using mixed modeling
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry Nov 08, 2019
Chamberlain SR, et al. - Researchers sought to recognize latent subtypes of disordered gambling based on symptom presentation. Further, they sought for predictors of persisting gambling symptoms over time. Using measures of gambling severity, they assessed 575 non-treatment seeking young adults (mean age [SD] = 22.3 [3.6] years; 376 (65.4%) male) at baseline and annually, over 3 years. They identified three longitudinal phenotypes of disordered gambling: high harm group (N = 5.6%) who had moderate-severe gambling disorder at baseline and remained symptomatic at follow-up; intermediate harm group (19.5%) who had problem gambling reducing overtime; and low harm group (75.0%) who were essentially asymptomatic. Relative to the low harm group, the other two groups exhibited worse baseline quality of life, the raised occurrence of other mental disorders and substance use, greater body mass indices, and greater impulsivity, compulsivity, and cognitive deficits. At follow-up, moderate-severe gambling disorder remained symptomatic. Gambling symptoms worsened over time in nearly 5% of the total sample; the groups did not differ significantly in this rate. Preditors for worsening of symptoms overtime included obsessive-compulsive tendencies and inflexible cognition.
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