Goldsby RE, et al. - In this study, the incidence and severity of chronic health conditions were studied among survivors of childhood leukemia with Down syndrome (DS) compared with those without DS. Leukemia survivors with DS indicated therapy-related chronic health conditions comparable to those of similarly treated survivors without DS. A few notable exceptions of which practitioners should be aware of were:

• An increased risk of cataracts, hearing loss, and thyroid dysfunction compared with survivors without DS (though these are known risks in the DS population),
• Decreased risk of second cancers, and
• Increased risk of severe or multiple conditions.