Shen S, et al. - In this retrospective study, long-term results as well as prognostic factors for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were determined at Shanghai's Children's Medical Center in China (SCMC). Data was collected for the enrolled patients by using Pediatric Oncology Network Database. A total of 1,085 evaluable patients with ALL aged 1 to 18 years old were enrolled and treated using SCMC-ALL-2005 risk-stratified protocol, from 2005 to 2014. They found that, in SCMC vs in developed countries, the overall outcomes for ALL patients treated with protocol SCMC-ALL-2005 in SCMC were lower. Age, gender, risk group and minimal residual disease (MRD) results at day 55 were factors that were found to be related to treatment outcomes in childhood ALL. Both the univariate and multivariate analysis revealed significantly worse prognosis in relation to patients younger than 1 year of age at diagnosis, intermediate-risk/high-risk group, male gender, and positive MRD results at day 55.