Collins BN, Nair US, DiSantis KI, et al. - In this two-arm RCT maternal smokers (n = 300) not seeking cessation treatment who exposed their < 4-year-old children to tobacco smoke daily, experts examined long-term posttreatment efficiency of this treatment through a 12-month follow-up. Study results with a sample of underserved maternal smokers exhibited that at the 16-week end of treatment, the short-term impact of Family Rules for Establishing Smokefree Homes (FRESH) counseling was maintained via 12 months following treatment—for both bioverified child tobacco smoke exposure decrease and maternal smoking cessation. moreover, smokers in low-income communities exhibited high difficulties for success in standard smoking treatment. Thus, for vulnerable smokers, FRESH follow-up results imply the high potential value of the more intense behavioral intervention.