Stijns RCH, et al. - In patients with early-stage rectal cancer (cT1-3N0M0) who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), researchers evaluated long-term oncological outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQL). They prospectively included 55 patients with cT1-3N0M0 rectal cancer admitted to referral centers for rectal cancer throughout the Netherlands between February 2011 and September. The results obtained from the multicenter phase 2 feasibility study indicate that CRT enables organ preservation with additional TEM surgery in about two-thirds of patients with good long-term oncological outcome and HRQL in early-stage rectal cancer. A certain degree of bowel dysfunction was caused by this multimodality treatment, and CRT overtreatment and radical surgery are still seen in one-third of patients.