Veit O, et al. - In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals, the immune response over time to yellow fever vaccination (YFV) and the necessity for booster vaccination were investigated. The control of HIV replication at the time of vaccination was primarily influencing HIV-infected patients’ long-term immune response up to 10 years to YFV. Patients with successful combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) showed immune response up to 10 years similar to that of non-HIV-infected adults. A single YFV booster after 10 years was recommended for patients vaccinated on successful cART. However, an early booster might be required in those vaccinated with uncontrolled HIV RNA.