Caban J, et al. – The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the long–term evaluation of osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) and simultaneous placement of implants without bone grafts. The results indicated that the OSFE technique is a reliable method for rehabilitation of patients with the atrophied posterior maxilla, however, the success of this method is related to the amount of the residual bone. This surgical approach without bone graft demonstrated reliable long–term outcomes with Astra implants.