Fabbri M, et al. - In this retrospective study with 49 patients who have Parkinson's disease (PD), long-term effects of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) on axial signs and related prognostic factors were investigated. Total axial score (AS) deteriorated after 47.6 ± 30 months of treatment, though motor complications continued to improve despite a significant increase in LEDD/Kg. A higher AS and freezing of gait severity at follow-up (FU) were forecast by a lower baseline response to L-dopa and higher Hoehn & Yahr and were linked with reduced independence of daily FU activity, when adjusted for the duration of LCIG treatment. Single axial items stayed stable for up to one year and up to four years for postural instability. Findings revealed that baseline disease severity and the degree of L-dopa response forecast severity of axial signs after approximately 4 years of LCIG treatment, with subsequent consequences for functional independence of patients.