Adachi K, et al. - Via 8,123 people who went to a medical center for an annual checkup between April 2016 and December 2018 and whose Helicobacter pylori infection status could be determined, researchers clarified the long-term impact of H. pylori eradication on reflux esophagitis (RE) prevalence. In 898 subjects, RE was seen. Prevalence rates in subjects with and without H. pylori infection and with a post-eradication status were 14.0%, 3.7%, and 10.1%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis of those positive for RE showed significant risk factors for male gender, elevated body mass index, habitual drinking, habitual smoking, larger diaphragmatic hiatus, and milder gastric mucosal atrophy. As compared to those never infected, the risk of RE developing in people following eradication of H. pylori is considered to be lower. The risk for RE increases, however, as the period following H. pylori eradication is goes on. A significant risk factor for RE is longer duration after H. pylori eradication in multiple logistic regression analysis.