Drayson MT, Bowcock S, Planche T, et al. - In this prospective, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial (TEAMM), researchers investigated the possible benefit of administering antibiotic prophylaxis for infection prevention in patients (aged 21 years and older) with newly diagnosed myeloma. They also determined the impact on antibiotic-resistant organism carriage and healthcare-related infections in these patients. The study was conducted at 93 UK hospitals. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive either levofloxacin or placebo with a computerized minimization algorithm. The investigators found a significant decrease in febrile episodes and deaths, with no increase in healthcare-associated infections, as a consequence of adding prophylactic levofloxacin to active myeloma treatment during the first 12 weeks of therapy vs placebo. Prophylactic levofloxacin could thus benefit patients with newly diagnosed myeloma receiving anti-myeloma treatment.