Marsico F, Lo Vecchio A, Paolillo S, et al. - Researchers examined children and adolescents with vertically acquired HIV infection for their left ventricular function, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), and intima-media thickness (IMT). They performed an echocardiographic evaluation on 29 individuals on antiretroviral therapy (13, 45% men; median age of 13.0, and interquartile range 9–18), and 29 age-matched controls. Findings revealed an increased thickness of EAT and IMT among vertically infected HIV children and adolescents, which is an expression of potentially increased cardiovascular risk. Further, these children and adolescents exhibited an impaired systolic function.