Zhu J, Li G, Du P, et al. - The efficacy and safety of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCBDE + LC) were compared with that of intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (IO-ERCP + LC) for the treatment of gallbladder and common bile duct (CBD) stones. Searching PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane Library from their inception date to April 2020, researchers identified five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic for inclusion in this study. These RCTs involved 860 patients. Outcomes suggest similar efficacy and safety of LCBDE + LC vs IO-ERCP + LC in terms of technical success, morbidity, major morbidity, and conversion rate. However, a higher biliary leak rate, lower postoperative pancreatitis rate, and a higher rate of retained stones were noted in correlation with LCBDE + LC.