Hansen KK, et al. - In this observational cohort analysis, researchers investigated the relative efficacy of noninvasive ventilation (NIV)-neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) in improving outcomes vs noninvasive pressure support (NIV-PS). Participants were patients (18 years or older) supported by noninvasive ventilation using an oro-nasal face mask for more than 2 hours in a Danish ICU. A NIV-NAVA cohort (year 2013-2015) was included, as well as a historical NIV-PS cohort (year 2011-2012) prior to the implementation of NIV-NAVA at the ICU in 2013 and a concurrent NIV-PS cohort (year 2013-2015), both as comparison cohorts. Overall 427 patients were included. According to the findings, treatment with NIV-NAVA vs NIV-PS resulted in no improved clinical outcomes.