Joo EY, Kim YJ, Park YS, et al. - Researchers analyzed medical records of pediatric patients who received sedation for electroencephalography between January 2015 and December 2016, to compare intramuscular dexmedetomidine and oral chloral hydrate with respect to efficacy and safety as agents for sedation in this group. The initial dose of dexmedetomidine was 3 mcg/kg and that of chloral hydrate was 50 mg/kg; second doses (1 mcg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively) were given if adequate sedation was not achieved. The dexmedetomidine and chloral hydrate groups each comprised 118 patients following 1:1 propensity score matching. Higher sedation success rate and shorter time to achieving the desired sedation level were afforded by intramuscular dexmedetomidine vs oral chloral hydrate. Therefore, intramuscular dexmedetomidine may serve as an effective alternative for oral chloral hydrate among pediatric patients requiring sedation for electroencephalography.