Shorakae S, et al. - The inter-relationships of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, sympathetic dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were investigated. For this investigation, pre-menopausal women with PCOS (Rotterdam diagnostic criteria) and without PCOS were enrolled from a community setting into a cross sectional sub study within a randomized control trial. In this analysis, 49 women with PCOS and 23 controls involved. Findings revealed that sympathetic dysfunction and hyperandrogenism were significantly correlated with PCOS. It was noted that chronic low-grade inflammation potentially mediates the impact of sympathetic dysfunction on hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance.