Finnbogadottir SK, et al. – The goals of this study are to compare insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and investigate the effect of PCOS on body composition in offspring at birth and at 3 years of age. In this cohort, maternal PCOS was not related to insulin resistance after correcting for BMI and was not an independent predictor of offspring birth weight. However, both PCOS and high maternal BMI may increase the risk of childhood obesity at 3 years of age.