Paquette CE, et al. - In view of the growing public health concern regarding injection drug use (IDU) in nonurban areas of the United States, researchers undertook an assessment of existing research on injection-related HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) in nonurban communities. In this systematic review, they searched six databases for relevant articles published between January 1990 and June 2016 and screened, extracted, and analyzed the resulting data. They identified only few studies of HIV/HCV and related services for PWID. The existing literature was noted to cover a very limited geographical area and provided minimal insights into any unique factors that influence injection risk and HIV/HCV service provision and utilization among nonurban PWID.