Liu W, Zeng Q, Wen Y, et al. - In this study with 25 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 20 controls, researchers determined how interleukin (IL)-35 could impact type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in AR. Reduced IL-35 expression and iTr35 (IL-35–producing regulatory T cells) proportion and raised ILC2 and type II cytokines were detected in patients with AR vs controls. ILC2 differentiation and type II cytokine generation were inhibited by IL-35 via regulation of IL-12Rβ2 and gp130. Reduced frequency and function of nasal ILC2 was observed in IL-35–treated mice with AR. Overall, findings revealed IL-35-induced inhibition of ILC2 responses directly or via mutual contact between iTr35 and ILC2 in AR, indicating the likely utility of IL-35 as a potential therapeutic target in AR.