Maskey N, et al. - Cervical tissue T cell populations were investigated via performing serial section analysis of immunohistochemically stained CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes on a total number of 72 samples, categorized into four cohorts [23 HPV non-infected (HPV-) normal cervix, 20 HPV infected (HPV+) normal cervix, 17 HPV+ low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and 12 HPV+ high grade CIN]. Further, researchers assessed the differences in the localization and quantity distribution of T lymphocytes and examined their role in disease regression or progression in the cervical neoplastic milieu. As the grade of the lesion progressed into more advanced lesions, which likely represent the lesions that have persisted over time, predominantly T cell infiltrates were identified. CD8 T cells are suggested to be efficaciously involved in eliminating HPV infected cervical epithelial cells as suggested by the variation in the infiltration rate and the location of CD4+ILs and CD8ILs. Findings thereby provide insight into the complex role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in facilitating and mediating sustained anti-tumor responses, hence preventing tumor outgrowth.