Damrose EJ, et al. - In normal and stenotic subglottic tissue, researchers sought to confirm the presence of estrogen receptors in the subglottis and investigate levels of expression and types of estrogen receptors. They obtained subglottic tissue from three female and one male cadaver without laryngotracheal pathology to serve as controls. In addition, they analyzed subglottic tissue specimens from five female patients with idiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis (IPSS). According to results, the presence of estrogen receptors in the subglottis was confirmed in this analysis. Increased expression of ER-α in the epithelium and ER-ß in IPSS glands and ducts compared with controls that help explain these individuals' predisposition to stenosis.