In view of the correlation of oral bisphosphonates (oBP) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) with upper gastrointestinal ulcers, researchers sought to determine if the risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcers increases with their concomitant use.

• In this population-based cohort study, a cohort of oBP and DOAC users from a sample of 2,622,742 individuals, consisting of diabetes patients, and age- and gender-matched controls, were assessed.

• Concomitant treatment with DOAC and oBP was received by 8,077 individuals; 96,451 individuals used DOAC and no oBP; and 118,675 used oBP and no DOAC.

• On exclusion of individuals with previous upper gastrointestinal ulcers, there appeared no increased risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcers in correlation with receiving concomitant treatment compared with the use of either drug alone.