Khalil MA, et al. – In this work, researchers determined long–term incidence and identified risk factors of colectomy in pre–biologics and biologics eras for treatment of ulcerative colitis. Findings suggested a decline in the incidence of colectomy after the introduction of biologics. Risk factors for colectomy included gastrointestinal hospitalizations, anemia, male gender, and congestive heart failure. Predictors of mortality were emergent surgery and age.