Subramanian Potty R, et al. - Researchers assessed incidence as well as the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and associated risk factors of mother to child transmission of HIV among children exposed to maternal HIV by age 24 months by analyzing Belgaum resident pregnant women who tested HIV positive between January 1st, 2011 and May 31st, 2013 and consented for participation in the study. The presence of HIV was tested in their babies at three time intervals: at 6–10 weeks and 6–9 months (using DNA PCR dry blood spot (DBS) method), and at 18–24 months of age (using Antibody tests). Higher rates of HIV transmission from mother to child were reported in relation to mother’s age above 30 years and breastfeeding beyond 26 weeks. It corroborates that providing anti-retrovirals (Nevirapine) is beneficial to reduce mother to child transmission of HIV. In order to attenuate incidence of paediatric HIV in India, it is important to implement effective strategies to promote safe infant feeding practices, including avoidance of mixed feeding beyond 26 weeks among HIV infected mothers.