Tortolero-Luna G, et al. - During the period 2011–2015, researchers compared the burden of thyroid cancer (TC) between the population of Puerto Rico (PR) and United States (US) non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), and US Hispanics (USH). There were 5,175 and 65,528 cases of TC diagnosed in PR and the US, respectively, during the period of 2011–2015. Most TC cases were classified as papillary thyroid cancer (PTC; 94% of cases) in PR, which was consistent with other research undertaken. Significant differences were found in the incidence of PTC between the PR population and US racial/ethnic groups. Like other studies, the high incidence rates seem to be explained by overdiagnosis. Further study is required to address prospective risk factors for PTC/TC that could explain this disparity in the island including: evaluation of the extent of overdiagnosis in PR, the role of health insurance status and type of insurance (Government Health Plan, Private Insurance, and uninsured), healthcare distribution system features, and environmental and individual variables.