Madenci AL, et al. - In a contemporary national cohort, long-term rate of and risk factors for postsplenectomy sepsis were determined. Findings revealed postsplenectomy sepsis prevalence of 7% (1.8 events per 100 person-years). Most sepsis events were reported during the first year after splenectomy, but the late occurrence of many such events was also observed (62%), suggesting that postsplenectomy immunologic dysfunction persists beyond one year. They suggest continually acknowledging the immunologic consequences of asplenia, as postsplenectomy sepsis remains a serious concern.