Gmiat A, et al. - Changes in cognitive functions, muscle strength and some elements of the amino-acid profile were assessed following an intervention including a single session of and regular Nordic Walking (NW) training combined with vitamin D supplementation among healthy elderly women. As a result of regular NW training, aged women exhibited improved cognitive functions, accompanied by an increase of irisin and brain derived neurotrophic factor concentration (adjusted effect moderate and likely). A possible positive contribution of the observed reductions of glucose and tryptophan concentrations to the amelioration of cognitive functions was suggested. Still, obtained results indicated that it was not the level vitamin D that modulated exercise-induced changes, but rather the long-lasting experience and being more advanced in training.