Takano N, et al. - Since several antineoplastic agents for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been approved over the past two decades and the management of these patients has changed drastically, researchers have analyzed the impact of these advances on patient survival in clinical practice. Between January 1, 1995 and March 1, 2017, they analyzed the survival of patients with stage IV NSCLC who received any treatment in the Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research. The overall survival of patients with stage IV NSCLC has improved over the past two decades. New classes of drugs have been introduced to significantly improve the survival of patients with stage IV NSCLC. Approval of similar types of drugs, however, may not be associated with further survival improvement.