Oberg E, et al. - Since lifestyle intervention is the recommended first-line treatment for overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), researchers evaluated the effectiveness of lifestyle change in improving reproductive function. In this analysis, they performed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with allocation to a behavioural modification programme (intervention) or minimal intervention (control) for 4 months with a follow-up at 12 months. For this investigation, 68 women (aged 18-40 years), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m², fulfilling all Rotterdam PCOS criteria were randomized to treatment. This is the first RCT in overweight women with PCOS to show efficiency in improving reproductive function following behavioural modification compared to minimal intervention. Within 1 year of completion of the study, 38% of women wishing to become pregnant succeeded. Although extensive weight loss in these women is difficult to achieve, behavioural modification interventions can improve reproductive function.